Glucophage

Type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially in obese patients, with the ineffectiveness of diet therapy and physical activity:

— in adults as monotherapy or in combination with other oral hypoglycemic drugs, or with insulin

— in children from 10 years of age as monotherapy or in combination with insulin

Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in prediabetic patients with additional risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in whom lifestyle changes have not achieved adequate glycemic control.

Trade name: Glucophage

Glucophage

Compound: Each tablet contains:

1- Metformin hydrochloride 500 mg

2- Metformin hydrochloride 1000 mg

* Auxiliary components: povidone K30, magnesium stearate

* Properties: Metformin reduces hyperglycemia without causing hypoglycemia. Unlike sulfonylurea derivatives, it does not stimulate insulin secretion and does not have a hypoglycemic effect in healthy individuals

Increases the sensitivity of peripheral receptors to insulin and the utilization of glucose by cells. Reduces hepatic glucose production by inhibiting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. Delays the absorption of glucose in the intestine

Metformin stimulates glycogen synthesis by acting on glycogen synthase. Increases the transport capacity of all types of membrane glucose carriers

In addition, it has a beneficial effect on lipid metabolism: it reduces the content of total cholesterol, LDL and TG

* Indications: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially in obese patients, with the ineffectiveness of diet therapy and physical activity:

— in adults as monotherapy or in combination with other oral hypoglycemic drugs, or with insulin

— in children from 10 years of age as monotherapy or in combination with insulin

Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in prediabetic patients with additional risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in whom lifestyle changes have not achieved adequate glycemic control

* Dosage and administration: Take inside.

The usual initial dose is 500 mg or 850 mg 2-3 times / day after or during meals

Contraindications: — hypersensitivity to metformin or to any excipient;

-diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetic precoma, coma;

— renal failure or impaired renal function (CC less than 45 ml / min);

— acute conditions occurring with a risk of developing impaired renal function:

— dehydration (with diarrhea, vomiting), severe infectious diseases, shock

— clinically pronounced manifestations of acute or chronic diseases that can lead to the development of tissue hypoxia;

— extensive surgeries and injuries

— liver failure, liver dysfunction

— chronic alcoholism, acute alcohol poisoning

— pregnancy

— lactic acidosis

— use for a period of less than 48 hours before and within 48 hours after radioisotope or X-ray studies with the introduction of an iodine-containing contrast agent

— Compliance with a hypocaloric diet (<1000 kcal/day)

* Precautionary measures: Lactic acidosis is a rare but serious (high mortality in the absence of emergency treatment) complication that can occur due to the accumulation of metformin. Cases of lactic acidosis while taking metformin occurred mainly in patients with diabetes mellitus with severe renal insufficiency.

* Side effects: Gastrointestinal disorders:

Very often — nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, lack of appetite. Most often they occur in the initial period of treatment and in most cases resolve spontaneously.

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders:

Very rarely — skin reactions such as erythema, itching, rash

Liver and biliary tract disorders

Very rarely — a violation of liver function tests and hepatitis; after the abolition of metformin, these adverse events completely disappear

* Storage method: Store at a temperature not exceeding 30 degrees